Wheat is a staple food for many people around the world, forming the basis of bread, pasta, and numerous other foods. Understanding which countries produce the most wheat helps us appreciate the global food supply chain. In this blog, we’ll explore the top 10 wheat producing countries in the world for the 2023-2024 period, their production volumes, and their export activities.
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Which Country Produces the Most Wheat?
China is the largest wheat producer in the world. In the marketing year 2024/2025, China produced about 140.1 million metric tons of wheat.
Top 10 Wheat Producing Countries
Here are the top 10 wheat-producing countries along with their estimated production volumes:
- China: Approximately 140.1 million metric tons.
- India: Over 110 million metric tons.
- Russia: Around 85 million metric tons.
- United States: Approximately 44.9 million metric tons.
- France: About 30 million metric tons.
- Australia: Approximately 25.5 million metric tons.
- Canada: Around 35 million metric tons.
- Pakistan: Approximately 28 million metric tons.
- Ukraine: About 26.83 million metric tons.
- Germany: Approximately 22.31 million metric tons.
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Wheat is a vital crop for many countries, providing food and economic benefits. Let’s explore the top wheat-producing nations, understanding why they produce such large amounts, the role of government support, climate conditions, farming techniques, their consumption patterns, and export quantities.
Top 10 Wheat Producing Countries in the World 2025
1. China
China is the world’s largest wheat producer, yielding approximately 140.1 million metric tons annually. This significant production is primarily due to the country’s vast arable land and favorable climate in regions like the North China Plain. The Chinese government supports wheat farmers through subsidies and research initiatives aimed at improving crop yields. Advanced farming techniques, including the use of high-yield seed varieties and modern irrigation systems, contribute to China’s high production levels. Despite this, most of the wheat produced is consumed domestically to meet the demands of its large population, leaving minimal quantities for export.
2. India
India ranks as the second-largest wheat producer, with an annual output exceeding 110 million metric tons. The country’s fertile regions, such as Punjab and Uttar Pradesh, offer ideal conditions for wheat cultivation. Government policies, like the Minimum Support Price (MSP), ensure farmers receive fair compensation, encouraging wheat production. Advanced irrigation systems and the adoption of high-yielding seed varieties have further boosted productivity. However, due to India’s substantial domestic consumption, only a small portion of its wheat is available for export.
3. Russia
Russia produces around 85 million metric tons of wheat annually, making it a leading global producer. The country’s vast expanses of arable land, particularly in regions like the Southern Federal District and the Volga Valley, provide suitable climates and rich soils for wheat farming. Government support, including investments in modern farming techniques and infrastructure, has propelled Russia’s wheat industry. Technological advancements, mechanization, and the adoption of high-yielding wheat varieties have significantly contributed to increased production. Russia is also the world’s top largest wheat exporter, with major importers including Turkey, Egypt, and Azerbaijan.
4. United States
The United States produces approximately 44.9 million metric tons of wheat each year. Wheat cultivation is widespread across states like Kansas, North Dakota, and Montana, where the climate and soil conditions are favorable. The U.S. government provides support through various agricultural programs and subsidies, encouraging farmers to adopt advanced farming techniques and technologies. A significant portion of U.S. wheat is exported, with major buyers including Japan, Mexico, and the Philippines.
5. France
France is Europe’s leading wheat producer, with an annual output of about 30 million metric tons. The country’s temperate climate and fertile soils, particularly in regions like Île-de-France and Centre-Val de Loire, are ideal for wheat cultivation. The French government supports agriculture through subsidies and research initiatives aimed at improving crop yields. Modern farming techniques, including precision agriculture and the use of high-quality seed varieties, contribute to France’s high production levels. France is also a significant wheat exporter, with major importers including Algeria, Morocco, and Egypt.
6. Australia
Australia produces about 25.5 million metric tons of wheat annually. Wheat farming is concentrated in regions like Western Australia and New South Wales, where the climate is suitable. The Australian government supports wheat production through research and development programs, as well as providing assistance during adverse climatic conditions. Australian farmers employ advanced farming techniques, such as no-till farming and the use of drought-resistant wheat varieties, to enhance productivity. A significant portion of Australia’s wheat is exported, with key markets including Indonesia, Japan, and South Korea.
7. Canada
Canada’s wheat production stands at approximately 35 million metric tons annually. The Prairie provinces—Saskatchewan, Alberta, and Manitoba—are the primary wheat-growing regions, benefiting from fertile soils and a favorable climate. The Canadian government provides support through agricultural programs and research initiatives aimed at improving crop resilience and yields. Canadian farmers utilize modern farming techniques, including precision agriculture and the adoption of high-yielding, disease-resistant wheat varieties. Canada is a major wheat exporter, with significant quantities shipped to countries like China, Japan, and Italy.
8. Pakistan
Pakistan produces around 28 million metric tons of wheat annually. The Indus Valley, with its fertile soil and adequate irrigation from the Indus River, provides ideal conditions for wheat cultivation. The government supports wheat farmers through subsidies and by setting procurement prices to ensure fair compensation. Traditional farming methods are prevalent, but there is a gradual shift towards modern techniques, including the use of improved seed varieties and better irrigation practices. Most of Pakistan’s wheat is consumed domestically, with minimal quantities available for export.
9. Ukraine
Ukraine, often referred to as the “Breadbasket of Europe,” produces approximately 26.83 million metric tons of wheat annually. The country’s black chernozem soils are among the most fertile in the world, and regions like Kherson, Zaporizhia, and Odessa offer favorable climates for wheat cultivation. The government supports agriculture through subsidies and infrastructure development. Ukrainian farmers employ modern farming techniques, including the use of advanced machinery and high-quality seed varieties. A significant portion of Ukraine’s wheat is exported, with major importers including Egypt, Indonesia, and Bangladesh.
10. Germany
Germany is one of the top wheat-producing countries in Europe, producing around 22-24 million tonnes of wheat annually. The country benefits from fertile loamy and clay soils, a temperate climate with moderate rainfall, and strong government support through subsidies and EU agricultural policies. Advanced farming techniques such as precision farming, modern irrigation, and sustainable crop rotation further boost yields, while a skilled workforce and efficient transportation infrastructure ensure smooth production and distribution. Germany is a major consumer of wheat, using it for bread, pasta, animal feed, and beer production, but it also exports 8-10 million tonnes annually, mainly to Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, and several African nations. With its high-quality wheat, strong supply chain, and commitment to sustainable farming, Germany remains a key player in global wheat production and trade.
Largest Wheat Exporter in the World
Russia is the largest wheat exporter in the world. In 2023, Russia exported approximately 51 million metric tons of wheat, accounting for 26% of global wheat exports. Major importers of Russian wheat include Turkey, Egypt, and Azerbaijan.
Wheat Production Trends in Recent Years 2025
Global wheat production has seen a steady increase over the past decade. In the marketing year 2024/2025, the global production volume of wheat reached almost 793 million metric tons, an increase of about two million tons compared to the previous year.
Factors Affecting Wheat Production
Several factors influence wheat production:
- Climate: Weather conditions like rainfall and temperature significantly impact crop yields.
- Soil Quality: Fertile soil rich in nutrients is essential for healthy wheat growth.
- Government Policies: Subsidies, tariffs, and agricultural policies can encourage or discourage wheat farming.
- Technological Advancements: Modern farming techniques and equipment can increase efficiency and yields.
Major Importers of Wheat
Countries that do not produce enough wheat to meet their domestic needs rely on imports. Major wheat-importing countries include Egypt, Indonesia, and Turkey. These nations purchase large quantities of wheat from exporting countries to ensure food security.
Impact of Wheat Production on Global Economy
Wheat production plays a crucial role in the global economy. It affects food prices, trade balances, and the livelihoods of millions of farmers. Fluctuations in wheat production can lead to significant economic impacts, especially in countries heavily dependent on agriculture.
Future of Wheat Production Worldwide
The future of wheat producing countries will depend on various factors, including climate change, technological advancements, and global demand. Sustainable farming practices and innovations in crop management are expected to play vital roles in meeting the growing global food demand.
How to Order Bulk Wheat from a Trusted Supplier and Exporter – Agromer
Wheat is a staple crop grown worldwide, with top wheat-producing countries including China, India, Russia, the U.S., and France. These nations benefit from fertile land, favorable climates, government support, and advanced farming techniques, ensuring high yields for domestic consumption and global exports.
If you’re looking to purchase bulk wheat, consider contacting Agromer, a trusted supplier and exporter. You can reach their manager via:
- Phone: +33 (0)2 47 80 23 78
- Email: pthary@agromer.org
Understanding the dynamics of wheat producing countries and trade helps us appreciate the complexities of the global food supply chain. As consumers, this knowledge can inform our perspectives on food security and international trade.